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Sunday, 07 June 2015 18:51

ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ምልኪ ንምሕያል

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Upsala New Newspaper 4th Jun 2015

Rezenepic

ደገፍ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ንኤርትራ ይቐየር፡ ንደለይቲ ፍትሒ መታን ከርብሕ

ኣብ ዝሓለፈ ሰሙናት ንኤውርጳ ንምብጻሕ ዝፈተኑ ማእለያ ቁጽሪ ዘይብሎም መርከብ ዝተጸዓኑ ንደላሎን ንዘይሕጋውያን መሰጋገርቲ ዘይተመጣጠነን ዘይምዕሩይን ክቡር ዋጋ ከፊሎም ብዘይንቡር ዝተጓዕዙ ሰባት ኣብ ማእከላይ ባሕሪ ሂወቶም ስኢኖም።

ዝዓበየ ቁጽሪ'ዞም ስደተኛታት ክንበር ካብ ዘይከኣል ከቢድ መነባብሮ ሂወትን ኣብ ኤርትራ ንስደት ዘምርሑ'ዮም። ኣብኡ ብምሕሱም ምልከት ዘመሓድር መንግስቲ፡ ብዲክታቶሪያዊ ኢሰያስ ኣፈወርቂ ቅድሚ 25 ዓመት ኣብ ሓርነታዊ ተጋድሎ ዝተቃለሰ ዝምራሕ'ዩ።

ነጻነት፡ ሰብኣዊ ክብርን መሰልን፡ ደሞክራስን ኣይመጽኤን እንታይ ደኣ፡ ብኣንጻሩ'ዩ

መንእሰይ ኤርትራ፡ ገደብ ዘይብሉ ወታሃደራዊ ኣገልግሎት ክገብሩ ዝተገደዱ፡ ንመዓልቲ ትሕቲ $ 2 (ትሕቲ ክልተ ዶላር)፡ ንመናበሪኦም ይኽፈሎም። ድሕሪ ነጻነት ዝተነድፈን፡ዝጸደቐን ቅዋም ኣይተተግበረን። ወታሃደራውያን መራሕቲ፡ ሰበ ስልጣናት መንግስቲ ተኣሲሮም። ሓሳብካ ምግላጽን፡ ነጻ ጋዜጣን ዘይብላ ሃገር ከኣ'ያ።

ሽወደን-ኤርትራዊ ዳዊት ኢሳቕ ብዘይ ክስን ፍርድን ቅድሚ ብዙሕ ዓመታት ኣብ ማእሰርቲ ይርከብ። ምልካዊ ስርዓት ንተጻረርቱን ነቐፍቱን ኣሲርሉ ዘሎ ቦታ ዘስካሕክሕን፡ ዘይሰብኣዊ ብጨካን ኣተሓሕዛ፡ እሱራት ኣብ ሕማቕ ኩነታት ዝርከብሉ ብቀረባ ዓይኒ መሰኻኽር ዝገልጹ፡ መን ኣበይ ተኣሲሩ፡ ህሉዉን ምዉቱን ዓለም ዘይትፈልጠሉ'ዩ።

ቤት ምኽሪ ውድብ ሕቡራት መንግስታት ሽማግለ ንሰብኣዊ መሰላት፡ ኣብ'ዚ ቀረባ እዋን ብኩነታት ኤርትራ ዘካየዶ መጽናዕቲ፡ ብዕለት 16 መጋቢት 2015 ጸብጻባ ኣቕሪባ። ውድብ ሕቡራት መንግስታት ንሰብኣዊ መሰል ክትምርምር ዝመዘዛ ሽማግለ ኤርትራ ንኸይትኣቱ ስለ ዝተኸልከለት፡ ንኣስታት 500 ዝዀኑ ኤርትራውያን ስደተኛታት መሰኻክር ኣዘራሪባ።

እቶም መርማሪት ሽማግለ ዘዛረበቶም ኤርትራውያን መብዛሕትኦም ንመጻኢ ተስፋ ከም ዘይብሎም ዝገለጹ'ዮም። መጻኢ ዕድሎም፡ ኣበይ ከም ዝነብሩ፡ ሞያ፡ መርዓን መውስቦን፡ እምነቶም ኣብ ኣገደስቲ ውሳኔታቶም ምርጫ ከም ዘይብሎም፡ መረዳእታ ዘይርከበሉ ኣብ ልዕሊኦም ዝወረደ ግፍዒ፡ ሰብኣዊ መሰሎም ዝተነፍጎምን ናይ'ዚ ግዳይ ተምክሮታት ዘለዎም ብዙሓት'ዮም።

ዕላውን ዘይዕላውን፡ ኣብ ልዕልን ትሕቲ መሬት ማእሰርቲ ኣሎ። ኣብ'ዚ ማእሰርትታት ከኣ ብርቱዕ መቅጻዕትን ስቓይን ኣለዎ። ይኹን'ምበር ነዚ ጸረ ሰብኣዊ ክብርን መሰልን ተግባራት ገበናት ዝፈጸመ ተሓታቲ ንፍርዲ ዝቐረበ የለን።

እቶም ዝተሰደዱ ሰባት ኣብ ዝተፈላልያ ሃገራት ይነብሩ ኣለዉ። ገገለ ካብኣቶም ኣብ ሽወደን ይነብሩ። ክፋል'ዞም ስደተኛታት ብምኽንያት ዶባዊ ግርጭት ኤርትራ-ኢትዮጵያ ድሕሪ ነጻነት ኤርትራ 1991 ዝወጹ እዮም። ሎሚ ከኣ ብሰንኪ መላኺ ስርዓት ይወጹ ኣለዉ። ኣብ 2000 ዓ.ም ኩነታት ኤርትራ ኣብ ኣዝዩ ዝሓመቐ ደረጃ ወዲቑ፡ ኣብ ዓለም ብዙሕ ቁጽሪ ኤርትራውያን ኣብ ትሕቲ ዑቕባ ይርከብ። ኣብ'ዚ ፋሕ'ሉ ዘሎ ህዝቢ፡ ንመሪርን ሓደገኛ ጉዳይ ኤርትራ መታን ክውዳእ እንታይ ክንገብር ኣሎና ዝብሉ ዝተፈላልዩ ምትእኽኻባትን ውዳበታትን ኣሎ።

ካብ'ዚ ውዳበታት ሓደ ሰልፊ ዲሞክራሲ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ፡ ኣብ መጽሔት ሓርነት ወርሒ ግንቦት ዝወጸ ሕታም፡ ሕብረት ኤውሮጳ ንመንግስቲ ኤርትራ ዝመደቦ ሓገዝ ኣመልኪቱ ዘጽኦ ቕሬታ፡ ደገፍ ኢውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ንመሐየሊ መላኺ ስርዓት፡ በቲ ሓደ ሸነኽ ከኣ ንሰብኣዊ ክብርን መሰልን ዲሞክራስን ዓቓፊ'ዩ በሃልቲ እዮም።

ካልኦት ሓይልታት ምስ ርእይቶን ሓሳብ ሰ.ዲ.ህ.ኤ ይሰማምዑ

ንመጀመሪያ ግዜ ኣይኮነን ሎሚ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ንመንግስቲ ኤርትራ ገንዘብ ዝሰልዕ ዘሎ። ድሕሪ ዶባዊ ግርጭት ኤርትራን ኢትዮጵያን 1998 ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ምኽንያት ረኺቦም ሓባርዊ ስራሕ መደብ ዕብየት ምስ ኤርትራ ክደፍእሉ ጀሚሮም።

ብተመሳሳሊ 2009 ንዝተሰልዐ ሓገዝ ቅድሚ ኣብ ውሳኔ ምብጽሑ፡ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ላዕለዋይ ኮሚሽን ጉዳይ ሰብኣዊ መሰል ኣተሓሕዛ ሰባት ኣብ ኤርትራ ኣዝዩ ኣብ ሕማቕ ኩነታት ከም ዘሎ ጽሒፉ፡ እዚ ኩነታት እንተደኣ ተማሓይሹ ጥራሕ'ዩ ቁጠባውን ማሕበራውን ምዕባለ ክረጋገጽ ዝኽእል ዝብል እምነት ነይሩ።

ብዕለት 15 ሚያዝያ 2015 ላዕለዎ ሰበ ስልጣን ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ወኪል ጉዳያት ወጻኢ፡ፖለቲካዊ ጸጥታን ሓላፊት ዝዀነት ወ/ሮ ፈደሪካ ሞርጋኒ ሓገዝ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት፡ ነቲ ስርዓት ኩነታት ሰብኣዊ መሰላት ንክመሓየሽ ዝግበር ጸቕጢ'ዩ ክትብል ኣብ'ቲ ንሰልፊ ዲሞክራሲ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ዝሰደደቶ መልእክቲ ጠቒሳ። ግን ዝዀነ ምምሕያሽ ዛጊት ኣይተራእየን።

ኣብ 2015 ዓ.ም ንርከብ። ካብ ምልኪ ብምህዳም ነበርቲ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ ቁጽሮም ካብ ግዜ ንግዜ እንዳወሓደ መጺኡ ኣሎ። ንሕና ልክዕ ከም ሰልፊ ዲሞክራሲ ህዝቢ ኤርትራ፡ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ካብ ማንም ግዜ ንላዕሊ ሎሚ ሓገዝ ጠጠው ከብል ኣለዎ ንብል። ምኽንያቱ ከኣ ንሰብኣዊ ክብሪ መሰል ዝሕለወሉ ምምሕያሽ ዝመርሕ ወይ ዘምጽእ ብዘይምዃኑ።

ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት፡ ኣባላት መንግስታት፡ ረዲኤታዊ ማሕበራት ንደሞክራስን ሰብኣዊ ክብርን መሰላትን ንዝሰርሑ ብዝበለጸ ክሕገዙ ከም ዘለዎም እኹል ፍልጠት ኣለዎም። ንሕና ከም ሰ.ዲ.ህ.ኤ እዚ ኣፍልጦ'ዚ ግድን ክስርሓሉ ዘለዎን ንኤርትራ ከኣ ዘዋጽእ እዩ።

ብዝሒ ትምህርታዊ ወፍሪ ኣብ ታሕተዋይ ደረጃ፡ ሞያዊ ስልጠና ወይ'ውን መሰረታዊ ኣካዳሚያዊ ትምህርቲ፡ ነቶም ብኣማኢት ኣሽሓት ኣብ መዕቆቢ ስደተኛታት ምብራቓዊ ሱዳን፡ ኢትዮጵያን ንዝርከቡ ምሕጋዝ ካብ'ቲ ብዙሕ ሓደ ኣገባብ'ዩ። ከም መረዳእታ ቤት ትምህርቲ ወዲ ሸሪፈይ ከሰላ ሱዳን ዝርከቡ ብድሩት ምንጪ ንመሰረታዊ ፍልጠትን ትምህርትን ክቐስሙ ዝቃለሱ ንዘለዉ ህጻናት፡ ኣብ ከም'ዚ ዝብለ ኩነታት ንዝርከቡ ወይ ንዝነብሩ ሰባት ምሕጋዝ፡ ድሕሪ ምውዳቕ መላኺ ስርዓት ተሳትፎ ኣብ ህንጻት መጻኢ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ስርዓት እግሪ ንምትካል ክሕይል ግድነት ክዳለዉን ክድልድሉን ይግባእ።

ብምኽንያት መጠን ዘይብሉ ሰብኣዊ በደላት ኣብ ኤርትራ፡ ንብዙሕ ዓመታት ሓገዛት ጠጠው ዘበላ ሃገራት ሓያሎ'የን። ነዚ ዓይነት መደብ ከኣ ሰፊሕ ደገፍ ዝግብኦ'ዩ።

ትጽቢታትና፡ ሽወደን ኣብ ኤውሮጳዊ ሕብረት ንኤርትራ ንዝወሃብ ሓገዝ፡ ክትጸልዎን ክትሰርሓሉን ከም'ቲ ልዕሊ ኢሉ ዝተጠቕሰ ኣገባብ፡ ምምሕያሻት ዝተኸተለ መስመር መልሲ ዝርከበሉን፡ ብቀሊሉ ብተግባር መላኺ ስርዓት ኣብ ልዕሊ ህዝቢ ዘዘውትሮ ቀጻሊ ግፍዒ ጭቆና ዘፋዅስ ክኸውን ይኽእል።

ዮሬል ሴቭቦሪ ሉንድግሬን... ኣባል እምነት ምድግጋፍ

ረዘነ ተስፋጽዮ                   ኣባል ባይቶ ሽወደን ነበር

ካር ሊንድበሪ                   ኣባል ምምሕዳር ወረዳ ኡፕሳላ

ቦ ንይሉንድ                     ዶ/ር ኤች ኣር ቲኦሎ

ሲግበርት ኣክሰልሶን         ፕሮፌሶር ኢ ኤም

Sunday, 07 June 2015 18:33

Eritrea Voice Of Liberty 06 June 2015

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Eritrea Voice Of Liberty 06 June 2015
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Sunday, 07 June 2015 12:03

EU ships pluck thousands of migrants from Mediterranean

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Up to 3,400 migrants rescued off Libya coast in a single day as navies from European nations run massive rescue mission.

07 Jun 2015 01:40 GMT

Up to 3,400 migrants have been rescued off the coast of Libya, as navies from a number of European countries launched a massive rescue operation in the Mediterranean Sea.

Fifteen rescue operations were carried out in the last 24 hours. Ships from the British, Irish, Italian and German navies have been involved in the operations.

"Migrants are being brought back to southern Italy. About 100 migrants arrived in Lampedusa earlier, and some more are headed to the ports of Palermo and Trapani city in Sicily," Al Jazeera's Hoda Abdel-Hamid, reporting from the Italian island of Lampedusa, said.

"We don't know when the rest will be arriving, because it's simply a logistical nightmare for Italian authorities as many of them are ending up on mainland Italy," she said.

The European navies as part of the Triton Mission rescued migrants from nine wooden fishing boats and six rubber dinghies, our correspondent said.

One million migrants

British authorities have warned that up to 500,000 people could attempt the perilous crossing this summer.

Captain Nick Cooke-Priest, on the British warship HMS Bulwark, told reporters onboard: "Indications are there that there are 450,000 to 500,000 migrants in Libya who are waiting at the border" for voyage from the North African country's Mediterranean coast in hopes of reaching Italian shores.

There is an uptick in the number of migrants leaving the Libyan coast on weekend. If we compare the number of migrants leaving at this point compared to the last year, there is a radian increase of 30 percent, Al Jazeera's Abdel-Hamid said.

"There are an estimated one million migrants waiting in Libya to cross the sea. These arrivals are an indication that it could be a very busy summer for all the ships that are patrolling the Mediterranean," she said.

Nearly 1,800 migrants are thought to have drowned attempting to make the crossing since the start of this year, including some 800 in one sinking that was the biggest maritime disaster in the Mediterranean since World War II.

That disaster prompted European governments to significantly increase search and rescue operations between Italy and North Africa but they have been unable to agree on a longer-term strategy to ease the migration crisis.

Watch Hamid's previous reports on board the Italian patrol boat: Witnessing rescue efforts for Mediterranean migrants and Rescued migrants reflect on desperate journeys to European waters.

Source: Al Jazeera

Sunday, 07 June 2015 00:09

86 Eritrean migrants 'kidnapped by Isil' in Libya

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ISIL militants are believed to have kidnapped 86 refugees

Militants fromIslamic State of Iraq and the Levant(Isil) are believed to have kidnapped 86 Eritrean refugees from a smugglers' caravan in westernLibya.

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The militants struck at dawn on Wednesday morning, stopping the vehicle before separating Christian refugees from their Muslim counterparts, according to Meron Estafanos, the co-founder of the Stockholm-based International Commission on Eritrean Refugees.

Many of the refugees – among them 12 women – were forced to lie about their faith. Those who claimed to be Muslim were grilled on their knowledge of the Koran, as well as their prayer habits.

Wednesday's kidnapping bears chilling echoes of asimilar incident in April when Isil militants kidnapped 79 Eritrean and Ethiopian Christian refugees. Days later, more than thirty of the men were beheaded or shot dead in scrubland while young survivors were forced to watch.

Details of Wednesday's attack will emerge in the coming days as a handful of escapees tell their stories. At least nine men were able to dive silently from the back of the jihadists' speeding truck.


A group of Eritrean refugees walk along a railway line into central Calais

According to Mrs Estafanos, who has spoken to some of the men, the hostages mostly hail from the Eritrean town of Adi Keyih. "Those who escaped are in the middle of nowhere right now and we need to get them to a safer place – but it is hard while there are no NGOs there, no one able to help," said Ms Estafanos.

"If it is known they were taken by (Isil), no one will protect them."

After formally announcing the establishment of three Isil-run "provinces" across Libya, the jihadists are solidifying their grip over chunks of territory through a mix of spectacular violence and strict implementation of their clerics' rulings.

This is at least the third time in three months that Eritrean migrants in Libya have been targeted by the militants. Reports emerged earlier this week that two Eritrean refugees has been shot dead after the jihadists stopped a truck carrying 75 African migrants. Once again, the passengers were separated according to their faith before the killings were carried out.

Twenty two per cent of people entering Italy by boat in 2014 were from Eritrea, according to the UN, a statistic prompted by "ruthless repression" in their home country.

Rights abuses perpetrated by Eritrea's government, coupled with dismal economic prospects, are driving hundreds of people out of the country every day, according to an interim report by the UN's commission of inquiry on human rights in Eritrea.

Source=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/islamic-state/11655543/86-Eritrean-migrants-kidnapped-by-Isil-in-Libya.html

 

Saturday, 06 June 2015 18:51

ክፉት ህዝባዊ ኣኼባ ኣብ ኦስሎ፣ ኖርወይ

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ክፉት ህዝባዊ ኣኼባ ኣብ ኦስሎ፣ ኖርወይ
Saturday, 06 June 2015 06:54

Extraordinary meeting of the SI Migrations Committee

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|  01 JUNE 2015

 
 
An extraordinary meeting of the SI Migrations Committee was held in Rabat on Monday 1st June, to focus on a social democratic response to the migrations crisis unfolding in different parts of the world. The meeting took place at the Moroccan Parliament, hosted by the Socialist Union of Popular Forces, the USFP.
The Committee, chaired by Habib el Malki (USFP), focused on three key themes: a. Asylum seekers and migrants fleeing conflict and violence: the obligation of the international community to save and protect; b. The moral and humanitarian responsibility to address the plight of migrants escaping poverty and hunger; and c. Building a response to the current crisis based on our values and principles.
Driss Lachguar, First Secretary of the USFP, addressed the opening session. He highlighted the need for a roadmap to develop a comprehensive new approach to today’s migrations phenomenon which is not only due to economic factors but also a consequence of the ideology inherited from the cold war, fuelling instability and insecurity, and the correlation with arms merchants and those who finance terrorism. He emphasised the diversity of Morocco with its Moorish and Jewish heritage from immigration in the 16th century and regretted the lack of a medium or long term strategy by today’s government in Morocco to effectively deal with this problem.
The meeting also heard a contribution from Driss El Yazami, from the National Council of Human Rights in Morocco who outlined the mutations in migrations over recent decades. He emphasised the current diverse nature of migrants, including those with university degrees and today’s high number of women and children, and pointed out that today all countries in the world are affected and all are countries of departure. He also highlighted that the use of migration as a tool for political campaigns should be a subject of debate, as well as the key issue of international governance and the rise of xenophobia.
The SI Secretary General, in concluding the opening session, recalled the point that human history has shown that migration is a source of wealth both economically and culturally and in today’s crisis too many people are being denied fundamental rights and too many states are not respecting them. The level of injustice today is immense, bearing in mind the millions displaced by wars, conflicts, persecution, famine and economic hardship. He particularly underlined the need, in facing this crisis, to act in accordance with the values that unite our movement and constitute our identity, and to work for political and human solutions rather than to rely on the use of force.
Outlining the tasks ahead, the Committee chair emphasised the urgent need to come up with a plan of action; to agree on a diagnosis of the situation in different parts of the world to identify the true causes of the circumstances in order to deal with the origins rather than the consequences; to treat the migrations phenomenon as a symptom of the chaos and institutional destruction we see in many states; to seek solutions other than military ones that are repressive; and to take a fresh look at the concept of security, placing people at the center.
As a specially invited guest, Tun Khin, a Rohingya activist recognised internationally, made a presentation on the history and plight of the Rohingya people, an ethnic group in Burma who are denied nationality. Of a population of 3.5 million, more than1.5 million have been forced to flee their homeland in Burma due to persecution and violence against them. Presently, 8,000 Rohingya people are stranded on boats at sea, being turned away from neighbouring countries. He stressed the importance of addressing the root cause of this displacement of his people.
During the discussions, it was recalled that although the focus was currently on the plight of migrants at sea, migration was also a matter of crossing the desert where many people in Africa died. While emphasising the benefits of migration, it was pointed out that migration itself was not the problem, it was illegal migration that needed to be addressed. There was also a perceived need to bridge a link between migration and development and to adopt programmes for the transfer of technology to stimulate development where needed. Globalisation and the IT revolution had been expected to bring progress, but in some cases it had brought terror, wars, tanks and more deaths. Greater political efforts were required by the international community to work towards liberating oppressed peoples. With regard to Europe, the need to share the burden was emphasised as well as the need to urgently act to save lives.
Formulating an approach that is gender based was underlined, bearing in mind the high number of female migrants and their particular vulnerability to abuse.
At the conclusion of its discussions, the Committee adopted a Declaration and agreed to continue advancing with the Charter of the Rights of Migrants, whose elaboration had begun at previous meetings, with a view to presenting it for adopton at the next Council of the Socialist International due to take place at the United Nations headquarters in New York on 6-7 July. The objective of the Charter is to provide a code of conduct for political action by member parties.
 
DECLARATION
Original: Spanish
  1. Migration is a global phenomenon that affects all countries on all continents.
  2. Migrants are first and foremost human beings and, as such, they have rights.
  3. Crisis situations and acute conflicts in various regions of the world are producing a tragic and irreversible loss of innocent lives among victims of situations that are not of their making. Given the increasing number of tragedies of this kind, the Migration Committee has decided to convene urgently to discuss the situation and call for immediate action.
  4. The Socialist International hopes to find comprehensive, lasting and fair solutions that might resolve the root causes of forced migration.
  5. However, the Socialist International is aware of the urgent moral imperative to act to stop the human bloodshed that undermines the basic foundations of social order.
  6. The Socialist International Migrations Committee urges all its member parties to stand true to their principles and to act decisively in circumstances in which neutrality or indifference are not an option.
  7. We must reject solutions to humanitarian crises that are founded on a logic of force or based exclusively on maintaining security. We also reject the criminalisation of migrants. In their precarious situation, they cannot, under any circumstances, be considered guilty of their situation.
  8. We socialists must be guided by the principles and values that we share as socialists: respect for the dignity of all people, equal rights and opportunities and the pursuit of justice in all actions: there is no greater or more urgent political aim than that of safeguarding these principles.
  9. We urge socialist Governments and Party representatives at all levels immediately to put forward effective initiatives committing themselves to act with all their strength and resources to stem the loss of human lives resulting from illegal migration.
  10. Agreement and commitment must be sought between the various States, both in regional institutions and in the context of the United Nations, but the responsibility of individual States cannot wait or be dependent on the existence of these supranational agreements or undertakings.
  11. States not only have an obligation to comply with international law, under the treaties and conventions to which they are party, but also the unavoidable moral duty to act without delay to save human lives who depend on actions and decisions that are within their reach.
  12. The Socialist International wants to highlight the case of victims of the situations covered by the 1951 Convention and to urge all signatory countries to comply with it scrupulously. 
  13. The case of the Rohingya people in Burma requires the international community as a whole, and the neighbouring countries in particular, to take responsibility for protecting these people, persecuted as they are in their place of origin, while lacking any international protection to stop the oppression to which they are subjected or even the slightest degree of solidarity that might provide them with a safe haven. The Socialist International urges the Burmese authorities to cease all forms of persecution of the Rohingya people, to recognise their nationality and the human rights to which they are entitled.
  14. The people of Sub-Saharan countries are being affected by armed conflicts, as well as social and gender conflicts and extreme poverty. Emigration is the only escape for many of these people. While the media spotlight is focused on Mediterranean crossings, the new geopolitical map of migration flows shows that the majority of these migrants travel to other African countries. The Socialist International urges socialist parties in the region to strengthen their immigrant protection policies to guarantee their safety and respect for their rights.
  15. Countries such as Morocco are an example of a transit country which has become a destination country for many, the authorities of which have sought to establish a policy of acceptance and integration.
  16. On numerous occasions, immigrants whose final destination is Europe are subject to abuse by people trafficking networks, whose greed and ruthlessness lead them into situations where their lives are put at risk. The Socialist International urgently calls upon all policy makers to fight these criminal organisations, but also to use all means to prevent the loss of any more lives. It is also a priority to address the different causes, prospects and solutions in an honest dialogue involving European and African political leaders, in order to find global, fair and lasting solutions to the crises that are causing forced migration.
  17. In addition to the actions taken directly by States, organisations like the UNHCR, which devote their efforts to caring for millions of refugees and victims of conflicts, urgently need more financial resources to meet their growing needs. Therefore, we call upon all States to contribute jointly to meeting these unavoidable costs.
  18. At its next meeting, which will take place at the United Nations headquarters in New York on 6th and 7th July, the Socialist International will discuss the adoption of international undertakings of a global nature, which will include the adoption of a Charter of the Rights of Migrants, which will become a mandatory code of conduct for political action by its member parties.
Friday, 05 June 2015 20:00

EU stärker diktaturen

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DEBATT Förändra EU:s bistånd till Eeritrea så att det gynnar kampen för demokrati, skriver fem debattörer.

De senaste veckorna har ett ofattbart stort antal människor mist livet i Medelhavet, när de försökt nå Europa på överlastade båtar. De har betalat dyrt till flyktingsmugglare för att få komma ombord på båtar som inte haft rimliga möjligheter att klara färden.

En stor andel av flyktingarna har flytt från Eritrea eftersom livet där har blivit alltmer outhärdligt. Där styr en järnhård regim, ledd av diktatorn Isaias Afewerki, som för 25 år sedan var en frihetshjälte i Eritreas kamp för självständighet.

Den självständigheten har inte lett till demokrati och respekt för mänskliga rättigheter, utan till motsatsen.

De unga tvingas till en militärtjänstgöring, som inte har någon sluttidpunkt. De får mindre än två dollar per dag att leva på. Den konstitution som antogs några år efter självständigheten har aldrig trätt i kraft. Militära och andra ledare har fängslats. Det finns ingen yttrandefrihet eller pressfrihet.

Svensk-eritreanen Dawit Isaak sitter fängslad sedan många år, utan vare sig rättegång eller dom. Genom vittnesbörd från personer som sett anläggningarna där regimen förvarar sina kritiker, känner vi de fruktansvärda förhållandena för de fängslade. Vilka personer som sitter i dessa fängelser, eller om de redan har dött, får omvärlden inte veta.

FN:s råd för mänskliga rättigheter (HRC) har nyligen genomfört en undersökning om situationen i Eritrea. Rapporten presenterades den 16 mars.

De som skulle genomföra undersökningen blev inte insläppta i landet. De har därför samlat vittnesbörd från fler än 500 eritreaner i exil.

Av dessa framgår att de flesta eritreaner inte har något hopp inför framtiden. De känner att de knappt har något val när det gäller viktiga beslut, som var de ska bo, vilket yrke de ska ägna sig åt, när de ska gifta sig eller vilken gud de ska tillbe. Ofattbart många har erfarenhet av att bli frihetsberövade. Det finns både officiella och inofficiella fängelser, både ovan och under jord. I fängelse är det sannolikt att man blir utsatt för tortyr. Ingen ställs till svars för brott mot mänskliga rättigheter.

Människor som flytt lever i många olika länder, bland annat i Sverige. En del flydde på grund av kriget mot Etiopien, som slutade med att Eritrea blev självständigt 1991. I dag är det regimens förtryck. Det har förvärrats under 2000-talet. I världen finns en stor diaspora av eritreaner i exil. Bland dem finns olika organisationer med uppfattningar om vad som bör göras för att få slut på den tragiska situationen.

En sådan är Eritrean People’s Democratic Party (EPDP). I sin tidskrift Liberty, som kom ut i maj framför de sin besvikelse över att EU än en gång planerar att anslå medel till regimen i Eritrea. De menar att detta stärker diktaturen och motverkar den respekt för demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter som EU vill främja.

Andra organisationer i diasporan delar EPDP:s uppfattning.

Det är inte första gången som EU anslår pengar till regimen i Eritrea. Efter gränskonflikt mellan Eritrea och Etiopien 1998 fann EU anledning att bedriva utvecklingssamarbete med Eritrea. Inför ett beslut om nytt sådant stöd år 2009 skrev EU-kommissionen att situationen för mänskliga rättigheter är mycket dålig i Eritrea och att den trodde att landet kommer att nå en ekonomisk och social utveckling endast om det sker en förbättring av den situationen. I ett brev den 15 april 2015 till EPDP från EU:s höga representant för utrikesfrågor och säkerhetspolitik, Federica Mogherini, framhålls att EU-stödet genom åren syftar till att trycka på för att nå en förbättring av de mänskliga rättigheterna.

Någon sådan förbättring har dock inte kommit till stånd.

I dag är det år 2015, och vi ser hur Eritreas befolkning stadigt minskar när invånarna flyr förtrycket. Vi tror, liksom EPDP, att det är hög tid för EU att upphöra med stödet till regeringen eftersom det inte lett till ökad respekt för de mänskliga rättigheterna.

EU och dess medlemsstater har biståndsorganisationer med kunskap om hur krafter som verkar för demokrati och mänskliga rättigheter bäst ska stödjas. Vi, i likhet med EPDP, menar att denna kunskap måste utnyttjas i stödet till Eritrea. Massiva utbildningsinsatser inom grundutbildning, yrkesutbildning eller grundläggande akademisk utbildning till de hundratusentals eritreaner som sedan många år befinner sig i flyktingläger i östra Sudan och norra Etiopien kan vara ett bland många sätt. Ett exempel är flyktingskolan Wad Sherifey i Kassala i Sudan, som med minimala resurser kämpar för att ge grundläggande kunskaper till barn i ett sådant läger.

Människorna i dessa läger behöver rustas för att kunna delta i uppbyggnaden av den demokratiska stat som måste komma till stånd när diktaturen försvinner.

Under åtskilliga år har många länder avstått från att ge bistånd till Eritrea på grund av regimens omfattande brott mot mänskliga rättigheter. Program av det här slaget borde därför kunna få brett stöd.

Vår förhoppning är att Sverige ska påverka EU:s bistånd till Eritrea i den här riktningen och därmed förmå EU att överge den hittillsvarande linjen, som i praktiken underlättar för diktaturen att fortsätta förtrycket av medborgarna.

Görel Sävborg-Lundgren, medlem i Tro och Solidaritet

Rezene Tesfazion, f d riksdagsledamot (S)

Carl Lindberg, ledamot i Uppsala kommunfullmäktige (S)

Bo Nylund, teol dr hc

Sigbert Axelson, professor em

Friday, 05 June 2015 19:38

ዶብ ኣልቦ ጋዜጠኛታት ዓመታዊ ጸብጻብ ኣቕሪቡ።

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እቲ ብዶብ ኣልቦ ዝፍለጥ ተሓላቒ ንናጽነት ስነ-ጽሑፍ፡ (ፕረስ) ኣብ ወርሒ ለካቲት 2015 ኣብ ኣውጺኡዎ ዘሎ ልሙድ ዓመታዊ ጸብጻብ፡ ኩለን 180 ሃገራት ዓለም ናብ መሰረትን ጋዜጠኛታተን ዝህብኦ ነጻነትን፡ ሕጋውነትን፡ ባይታን መሳለጥያታቱን፡ ከምኡ’ውን ኣብ መራኸቢ ብዙሓን እተን ሃገራት ዘለወን ሓውሲ ፍኑው መትከላትን ኣመልኪቱ፡ ንደርጃ ብሉጽነተን ዘቃልሕ ብተርታ ዘርዚሩ ኣውጺኡ’ዎ ኣሎ።

ከምቲ ልሙድ ኣብ’ዚ ዓመታዊ ጸብጻብ እውን፡ ሃገራት ስካንዳናቭያ፡ ፊንላንድ፡ ኖርወይን ደንማርክን እተን ሰለስተ ዝበለጻ ሃገራት ክኾና ከሎዋ፡ ብኣንጻሩ እተን ሰለስተ ግን ቱርከሚኒስታንን፡ ሰምየንኮርያን፡ ሃገርና ኤርትራን ተባሂለንኣሎዋ።

ምስ’ቲ ኣብ 2014 ቀሪቡ ዝነበረ ጸብጻብ ብምውድዳር፡ ኩነታተን ኣመሓይሸን ዝተባህላ ሃገራት፡ ሞንጎልያ፡ ቶንጋ፡ ማዳጋስካር፡ ጆርጂያ፡ ኣይቮሪኮስት፡ ነፓል፡ ቱኒሲያ፡ ብራዚል፡ ከምኡ’ውን መክሲኮእየን። ካብተን ኣብ 2014 ኩነታተን ኣብ ዝተሓተ ደርጃ ተሰሪዐን ዝነበራ 20 ሃገራት፡ እተን 15 ካብአን ኩነታተን ካብ ዝኸፍኣ ኣንቆልቁሉሎ ክብል’ውን እቲጸብጻብ ገሊጹ።

ብምቕጻል’ውን፡ ጸቕጢ ናጽነት ኣብ ትሕቲ ምልካውያን ስርዓታት ርዱእን ውሁብን እንተኾነ፡ ገለ ካብ እተን ኣብ ትሕቲ ዲሞክራስያውያን ስርዓታት ዝመሓዳደራ ዘለዋ ሃገራት እውን፡ ንስለ ድሕነት ሃገር ኣብ ትሕቲ ዝብል ምስምስ ንናጽነት ይረግጻ ምህላወን ኣይሓብአን።

5 ሰነ 2015

Thursday, 04 June 2015 21:43

በይ ኤርያ ኤርትራዊያን ንመዓልቲ ናጽነት ብፍልይ ዝበለ ኣገባብ ኣኽቢሮም

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BayAreaLogo

ኤርትራዊያን ተቐማጦ በይ ኤርያ ንመበል 24 መዓልቲ ናጽነት ፍልይ ብዝበለ ኣገባብ ብዕለት ግንቦት 23 ኣብ ከተማ ኦክላንድ ኣኽቢሮማ ዊዒሎም። እቲ በዓል IndependenceDayEventReport 1ብኣቦ-መንበር በይ-ኤርያ ኤረትራውያን ንዲሞክራሲያዊ ለውጢ (Bay Area Eritreans for Democratic Change)፡ ኣቶ ኤፍረም ናይዝጊተኸፊቱ። ብኣቶ ተኪአ ድራር ኸኣ ብናይ ሓደ ደቒቕ ናይ ሕልና ጸሎት ተጀሚሩ። ኣቶ ተኪአ ኸኣ ነቶም ኹሎም ተኻፈልቲ "ዝኽሪ ስዉኣት" እንታይ ማለት ምኽዋኑ ከነስተብህልን አጸቢቕና ክንሓስበሉን ይግባኣና ብምባል አዘኻኺሩ።

አቦ-መንበር ኣቶ ኤፍረም ነዚ ጀጋኑ ኤረትራዊያን ህይወቶም ከፊሎም ዘምጽእዎ ነጻነት ኩሉ ኤረትራዊ ሕቡን ከም ዚኾነን ብክብሪ ከም ዝዝክሮን ዲሕሪ ምጥቃስ፡ እዚ ናይ ሎሚ ዓመት መዓልቲ ነጻነት ፍሉይ ዚገብሮ ግን ብኣሻሓት ዝቑጸሩ ኤረትራዊያን መንእሰያት ኣብ ዝተቐዘፍሉ እዋን ይብዕል ብምህላዉ ኢዩ። በይ-ኤርያ ኤረትራውያን ንዲሞክራሲያዊ ለውጢ ተኻፈልቲ ሓዘንን ሽግርን ህዝብና ስለዚኾና ድማ ናይ ሎሚ ዘበን መዓልቲ ናጽነት ከምቲ ናይ ህግደፍ ብጋይላን ዳንኬራን ዘይኾነስ፡ ነዞም ኣብ ንኡስ ዕድሚኦም ዝተቖጽዩ ኣሕዋትን ኣሓትን እንዝክረሉን ነንሕድሕድና ንጸናንዓሉን ሽግርና ንምፍታሕ ድማ ኢሂን ምሂን ንበሃለሉን እዋንኢዩ ብምባል መደርኡ ዛዚሙ።

ድሕሪ እዚ ብቀደም ተኸተል እዞም ዝስዕቡ መደባት ቀሪቦም።

  1. "ሳውንድ ኦፍ ቶርቸር " (Sound Of Torture) ዘርእስታ ዶኪመንታሪ ፊልሚ (documentary film):
  2. ሰሚናር በቲ ህቡብ ደራስን ተቓላሳይን ኣቶ ሳልሕ ጆሃር (ጋዲ)፡
  3. ኣብ መወዳእታ ዲማ ህዝቢ ኣብ መንጎ ደሞክራሲያውያን ሓይልታት ዘለዉ ሽግራትን መፍትሒኦምን ዘቲዩን ተኻቲዑን::

IndependenceDayEventReport 2

  1. እዛ ብሜሮን እስቲፋኖስ ዝተዳለወት ዶኪመንታሪ ፊልሚ “Sound Of Torture” ኩሉ ልዕሊ ኤረትራውያን ዚወርድ ዘሎ መዳርግቲ ኣልቦ ግፍዕን ዓመጽን ኣጉሊሓ ተርኢ ብልጽቲ ስነ-ጥበባዊት ስርሓት ኢያ። ትሕዝቶ ናይዛ ፊልሚ ልቢ ኩሉ ተሳታፋይ ዝተንከፈን ዘንበዐን ክኸውን ከሎ፡ በቲ ካላእ ድማ ምእንቲ ህዝበን ሂወተን ኣብ ሓደጋ ብምእታው ታሪኽን ጅግንነትን ዝሰርሓ ደቂ ኣንስትዮ ክምዘለዋና ዘጉለሐት ኢያ ኔራ። እዛ ፊልሚ ትነግረና ሓቂ እንተ ሃሊዩ ኤረትራውያን ክሳብ ክንደይ ኣብቲ ዝተሓተ ደረጃ ናይ ሕስረት ወሪድና ከም ዘለና ተርእየካ። http://www.soundoftorturefilm.com/
  2. ብምቕጻል ዋና ዓዋተ ዶት ኮም (Awate.com) ኣቶ ሳልሕ ጆሃር ነታ "ሚርያም ኣብዚ ኔራ" “Miriam Was Here” ትብል መጽሓፉ ከዳልዋ ከሎ ዝገበሮIndependenceDayEventReport 3 መጽናዕቲ መወከሲ ብምግባር ኣዝዩ መሳጥን መሃርን ሰሚናር ብዛዕባ ኩነታት ኤረትራዊያን ስደተኛታትን ዘጋጥሞም ሽግራትን፡ ብመሰጋገርቲ ደቂ-ሰብ (human traffickers) ኣብ ልዕሊኦም ዝወርድ ዘሎ መፈጠርካ ዘጽልእ ግፍዕን ዓመጽን ኣብነታት ብምስናይ ኣብሪሁ። ነዛ መጽሓፍውን ናብ ትግርኛ ተርጙሙ ከም ዝቐረባ ሓቢሩ፡ ካብዛ ክትሕተም ቀሪባ ዘላ መጽሓፍውን ሓደ መዕራፍ ኣምቢቡ። ብሕልፊ ግና ነዚ ናይ ሎሚ መዓልቲ ዝቐረቡ ኣብ ክንዲ ብጋይላን ብዳንኬራን ናይ ለብዘበን መዓልቲ ናጽነት በዚ ኣገባብ ንኸሕልፍዎ ስለወሰኑ ብዙሕ አመስጊኑ።
  3. IndependenceDayEventReport 4ኣብ መወዳእታ ዝቐረበ መካትዒ ዛዕባ: ብዶ/ር መብራህቱ ኣራኣያ ምክትል-ብኣቦ-መንበር በይ-ኤርያ ኤረትራውያን ንዲሞክራሲያዊ ለውጢ ተኸፊቱ፡ ስርዓት ህግደፍ ህዝቢ ኤረትራ ንምጽናትን፡ ኤርትራ ከም ሃገር ከይ ትህሉ ንኽድምስሳን ከይ ደቀሰ ይሓድር ኣሎ። ብኣንጻሩ እዞም ንህዝቢ ኤረትራ ካብ መንጋጋ ህግደፍ ንኽድሕን ንቃለስ ዘለና ደለይቲ ፍትሒ ህጹጽነት ናይዚ ኩነታት ተረዲኡና ኪንዲ ኩሉ ዓቕምናን ሓይልናን ኣንጻር እቲ ቀታሊን ሓራድን ስርዓት ክንዲ ነተኩር ኣብ ነንሕድሕድና ኪንወናጀል ግዜ ይዓርበና ኣሎ። ህግደፍ ድማ ነዚ ዕድል ተጠቒሙ ብዝሰፈሐን ዝተራቐቐን ኣገባብ ህዝብን ሃገርን ምጽናት ይቕጽል ኣሎ። ስለዚ ተሳተፍቲ: ናይ ለውጢ ሓይልታት ተረዳዲኡን ተደጋጊፉን ንከይሰርሕ ዝዕንቅፍዎ ዘለዉ ሽግራት እንታይ ኢዮም፡ መፍቲሒኦም ከ እንታይ ኢዩ ኣብ ዝብል ዘትዩ። ከመኡ ውን ነቲ በዓል ዘንጸባርቑ ግጥምታት ብወ/ሮ ፍረወይኒን ብኣቶ ጆርጆን ድሕሪ ምቕራብ፡ ተሳታፋይ እቲ በዓል ነዚ ናጽነትና ጨውዩ ኣብ ባርነት የእቲዩና ዘሎ ስርዓት ኩልና ደለይቲ ፍትሒ ፍልልያትና ብምውጋድ ብሐደ ኢድ ኾይና ኣንጻር እዚ ኣረሜናዊ ስርዓት ደው እንብለሉን ቃልስና እነሐይለሉን እዋን ምኻኑ ብምስማር በዓሉ ብዓወት ዛዚሙ።

ሰነ 6, 2015                                                                                                                ሰእሊ ብኣቶ ብጹኣምላክ ሓድሽ

Wednesday, 03 June 2015 22:11

World Press Freedom Index 2015: decline on all fronts

Written by

WorldMapPublished on Thursday 12 February 2015.

The Reporters Without Borders World Press Freedom Index ranks the performance of 180 countries according to a range of criteria that include media pluralism and independence, respect for the safety and freedom of journalists, and the legislative, institutional and infrastructural environment in which the media operate.

Top of the list, as so often, are three Scandinavian countries: Finland, which has been in first place for five years in succession, followed by Norway and Denmark. At the other end of the scale, Turkmenistan, North Korea and Eritrea, in last place, were the worst performers. France is ranked 38th (up one place), the United States 49th (down three places), Japan 61st (down two places), Brazil 99 (up 12 places), Russia 152 (down four places), Iran 173rd (unchanged) and China 176th (down one place).

The 2015 World Press Freedom Index highlights the worldwide deterioration in freedom of information in 2014. Beset by wars, the growing threat from non-state operatives, violence during demonstrations and the economic crisis, media freedom is in retreat on all five continents.

The indicators compiled by Reporters Without Borders are incontestable. There was a drastic decline in freedom of information in 2014. Two-thirds of the 180 countries surveyed for the 2015 World Press Freedom Index performed less well than in the previous year. The annual global indicator, which measures the overall level of violations of freedom of information in 180 countries year by year, has risen to 3,719, an 8 percent increase over 2014 and almost 10 percent compared with 2013. The decline affected all continents.

Indices 2015 EN

The European Union-Balkans region is in the lead by far, but nonetheless recorded the biggest fall between the 2014 and 2015 editions. This disturbing trend reflects a two-fold phenomenon: the excesses of some member countries on the one hand and the inability of EU mechanisms to contain them on the other. The region that is bottom of the freedom of information list, North Africa and the Middle East, this year once again contained information “black holes”. Comprising entire regions, these are controlled by non-state groups in which independent information simply does not exist.

The most striking developments in the 2015 edition

The fallers

Andorra (32nd), the sharpest fall, has paid the price for the lack of independence of its media from financial, political and religious interests. It fell by 27 places as a result of the many conflicts of interests and the great difficulty experienced by journalists in covering the activities of Andorran banks, coupled with the lack of any legal protection for freedom of information, such as the confidentiality of journalists’ sources.

In Asia, East Timor (103rd) fell by 26 places. The creation of a press council and the adoption of a code of ethics in October 2013 have been a disappointment. In 2014, the government proposed a tough new media law, which has led to widespread self-censorship.

In sub-Saharan Africa, Congo (107th) fell 25 places after a difficult year for independent news outlets. The government stepped up its witch-hunt of critical journalists, at times resorting to extreme violence. Journalists who refuse to keep quiet are forced to flee the country or are expelled.

Western Europe saw numerous countries in decline. Italy (73rd) fell 24 places after a difficult year for journalists for whom threats from the mafia, among others, and unjustified defamation suits, skyrocketed. Iceland (21st, down 13) paid the price of worsening relations between politicians and media. The drop was an alarm call for this “model of democracy”.

In South America, Venezuela (137th) fell 20 places. The National Bolivarian Guard (national army) opened fire on journalists during demonstrations, although they were clearly identified as such. In Ecuador (108th, down 13), the promising Organic Law on Communication soon revealed its limitations. Forced corrections became a means of institutional censorship.

Journalists working in Libya (154th, down 17 places) have lived through a chaotic period since the fall of Gaddafi, during which Reporters Without Borders recorded seven murders and 37 kidnappings of journalists. Faced with such violence, more than 40 people working in the media decided to leave the country in 2014. Reporting on the activities of the militias that have carved up the country is an act of heroism.

In South Sudan (125th, down 6 places), gripped by civil war, the radical polarisation and constant harassment of news organizations caused it to fall down the rankings. Press freedom was suspended “because of civil war”, as a Reporters Without Borders headline said in July last year on the third anniversary of the country’s birth.

Pressure on independent media continued to intensify in Russia (152nd, down 4), with another string of draconian laws, website blocking and independent news outlets either brought under control or throttled out of existence. The repressive climate encouraged some local despots to step up their persecution of critics.

In the Caucasus, Azerbaijan (162nd, down 2) suffered an unprecedented crackdown on critics and registered the biggest fall in score among the index’s 25 lowest-ranking countries. With media freedom already limited by one-sided regulation and control of the advertising market, the few remaining independent publications were either collapsing under the impact of astronomic damages awards or were simply closed by the police. The number of journalists and bloggers who were jailed turned Azerbaijan into Europe’s biggest prison for news providers.

In the Americas, the United States (49th, down three places) continues its decline. In 2014, the New York Times journalist James Risen came under government pressure to reveal his sources. Although the Obama administration backed away in that case, it continues its war on information in others, such as WikiLeaks.

The risers

There are few of these. Mongolia (54th) rose 34 places, the Index’s biggest jump. It had few violations in 2014, while the benefits of legislation on access to information began to be seen. Problems remain, however, including on the legislative front, but there has been a clear improvement.

Tonga (44th), which held its first democratic elections in 2010, strengthened its position thanks to an independent press, which has established its role as a counter-weight to the government. The Polynesian nation has risen an enviable 19 places.

The long-running political crisis in Madagascar (64th) came to an end with the election of Hery Rajaonarimampianina as president in January 2014 and the departure of the information minister. This democratic transition eased the previous polarisation and boosted the country by 17 places. Yet some subjects remain taboo, such as the financial monopolies in the hands of leading political figures.

In Europe, Georgia (69th, up 15) continued to rise for the third year running and is now close to where it was before the 2008 war. It is enjoying the fruits of reforms undertaken after a change of government through elections, but it continued to be handicapped by the extreme polarization of its news media.

In 86th place, Ivory Coast (up 15 places) continued to emerge from the political and social crisis that plunged the country into full-scale civil war in 2010. The results are still mixed in a country where the broadcasting sector is expected to be opened up in 2015, although there are some fears that this might usher in institutional censorship.

Nepal (105th) was up 15 places thanks to a drop in violence by the security forces against journalists, especially at demonstrations. This improvement remains to be confirmed in 2015.

Tunisia (126th) rose seven places, a relative increase although in absolute terms the country stagnated. However, the fact remains that political stabilisation in 2014 had benefits for news and information. On the other hand, the number of attacks on journalists remains too high and the implementation of measures to ensure freedom of information has been long in coming.

A cause for satisfaction was Brazil (99th, up 12 places), which rose above the symbolic 100 mark thanks to a less violent year in which two journalists were killed compared with five in the previous year.

Still in the Americas, Mexico (148th) managed to pull itself up four places. In November, which is not included in the 2015 Index, journalists were attacked during demonstrations about the disappearance of 43 trainee teachers in thesouthwestern state of Guerrero. Reporters Without Borders recorded three cases in Mexico of journalists killed as a direct result of their work, compared with two in 2013.

2015 Index: Reasons for the worrying decline

Conflicts proliferated in 2014: the Middle East, Ukraine, Syria and Iraq… All warring parties without exception waged a fearsome information war. The media, used for propaganda purposes or starved of information, became strategic targets and were attacked, or even silenced.

See the analysis: “News control - powerful weapon of war”

Non-state groups follow no laws and disregard basic rights in pursuit of their own ends. From Boko Haram to Islamic State, Latin American drug traffickers and the Italian mafia, motives may vary but their modus operandi is the same – the use of fear and reprisals to silence journalists and bloggers who dare to investigate them or refuse to act as their mouthpieces.

See the analysis: “Non-state groups: tyrants of information”

Stretching sacrilege prohibitions in order to protect a political system is an extremely effective way of censuring criticism of the government in countries where religion shapes the law. The criminalization of blasphemy endangers freedom of information in around half of the world’s countries. When “believers” think the courts are not doing enough to ensure respect for God or the Prophet, they sometimes take it upon themselves to remind journalists and bloggers what they may or may not say.

See the analysis: “Blasphemy: political use of religious censorship”

Can journalists be seen as the common enemy of protesters and police alike at some demonstrations? This is the sad conclusion of Reporters Without Borders this year. 2014 saw an increase in violence towards reporters and netizens covering demonstrations.

See the analysis: “The growing difficulty of covering demonstrations”

The European Unions recorded a bigger decline in 2015 than in the 2014 Index, exposing the limits of its “democratic model” and highlighting the inability of its mechanisms to halt the erosion. The EU appears to be swamped by a certain desire on the part of some member states to compromise on freedom of information. As a result, the gaps between members are widening – EU countries are ranked from 1st to 106th in the Index, an unprecedented spread.

See the analysis: “European model’s erosion”

Democracies often take liberties with their values in the name of national security. Faced with real or spurious threats, governments arm themselves routinely with an entire arsenal of laws aimed at muzzling independent voices. This phenomenon is common to both authoritarian governments and democracies.

See the analysis: “National security” – spurious grounds”

These authoritarian governments are in Eastern Europe, Africa, Asia and also the Middle East. Most are headed by cartoon characters come to life who would be a laughed at if they did not exercise total control over news and information. In 2014 they further tightened the grip they have had on the media for many years. Among the lowest-ranking 20 countries in the 2015 Index, 15 performed even worse than they did in the 2014 edition.

Source=http://en.rsf.org/world-press-freedom-index-2015-12-02-2015,47573.html

 

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